Main components

1. LCD panel: This is the core component of LCD, which consists of two glass substrates with a layer of liquid crystal material between them. Transparent conductive electrodes are engraved on the inner side of the glass substrate for applying electric fields to control the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. At the same time, the glass substrate is also coated with an orientation layer, whose function is to make the liquid crystal molecules arrange in a specific direction in the initial state.
2. Backlight module: Because the liquid crystal itself does not emit light, it needs a backlight module to provide light source. Common backlight modules are cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) and light emitting diode (LED). CCFL is a commonly used backlight for early liquid crystal displays. It has the advantages of uniform light emission and high brightness, but it consumes a lot of power and contains harmful substances such as mercury. LED backlight has the advantages of low power consumption, long life and wide color gamut, and has gradually become the mainstream backlight choice. The LED backlight can be divided into two types: side-entry type and direct-down type. The side-entry type LED backlight places the LED light bar on the edge of the LCD panel, and transmits the light evenly to the whole screen through the light guide plate. The direct LED backlight evenly distributes the LED beads behind the LCD panel, which can achieve more accurate brightness control and higher contrast.
3. Driving circuit: The main function of the driving circuit is to convert the image signal output by the computer or other signal sources into an electrical signal that can control each pixel of the LCD panel. It comprises a source driving chip and a gate driving chip, wherein the source driving chip is responsible for providing different voltages to the sub-pixels of each pixel point to control the light transmission; The gate driving chip gates each row of pixels in a certain order, so that the voltage output by the source driving chip can be accurately applied to the corresponding pixel points.